Second Semester (BSc. AG)

Social Action: Methods of social work and agricultural professionals as Change Agents

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Social Action: Methods of social work and agricultural professionals as Change Agents

Social action entails concerted efforts to address systemic problems, promote community welfare, and effect social change. Social workers and agricultural professionals use different strategies to act as change agents in this situation. Social workers address social injustices and improve the lives of marginalized groups through community organizing, advocacy, and empowerment techniques. Contrarily, agricultural professionals promote … Read more

Social problems- Definition, Types, Impact and Means of Remedies

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Social problems- Definition, Types, Impact and Means of Remedies

Social problems, including discrimination, poverty, and inequality, are complicated issues that have an impact on the stability and well-being of communities all over the world. Since systemic failures are frequently the source of these issues, comprehensive solutions are needed to address their underlying causes. We can endeavor to create a more just and equitable society … Read more

Social deviance and social control: Meaning, Types, Theories and Mechanisms

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Social deviance and social control Meaning, Types, Theories and Mechanisms

Social deviance and social control are crucial concepts in understanding how societies maintain order and address behaviors that violate norms. A behavior, belief, or circumstance that deviates from accepted social norms can be classified as social deviance and can range from small infractions to major crimes. Social control refers to the systems and tactics that … Read more

Social groups: Meaning, types of social groups

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Social groups Meaning, types of social groups

A social group is an association of people who communicate, have things in common, and grow closer to one another. Social groups are the cornerstone of social structure and are essential in determining the norms and behaviors of the individual and the community. Primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, reference groups, formal and informal … Read more

Socialization: Meaning, Stages and Agents and Theories

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Socialization Meaning, Stages and Agents and Theories

The process of learning and internalizing the values, customs, and behaviors required for a person to function in their society is known as socialization, and it occurs throughout a person’s lifetime. Primary socialization takes place in early childhood and is facilitated by the family. Secondary socialization involves peers, schools, and the media. Eventually, adults adapt … Read more

Social exclusion: Origin and Development

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Social exclusion Origin and Development

René Lenoir first proposed the idea of social exclusion in France in the 1970s to characterize people who were not eligible for social security benefits. It has developed over the years into a multifaceted framework that is applied globally to address the structural obstacles standing in the way of full societal participation. Though the term … Read more

Traditional caste system and their occupation in Nepal

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Traditional caste system and their occupation in Nepal

Nepal’s ancient caste system, which has its roots in Hinduism, has traditionally divided society into hierarchical groups according to vocation. Vaishyas were involved in trade and agriculture, Sudras worked manual labor and in crafts, Brahmins (Bahun) were priests and scholars, and Chhetris (Kshatriya) were warriors and administrators. Dalits, who were frequently excluded, worked in jobs … Read more

Common Social Ceremonies, Rituals and Festivals: Types and Importance

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Common Social Ceremonies, Rituals and Festivals Types and Importance

A vital part of human culture, social ceremonies, rituals, and festivals commemorate important life events, seasonal shifts, religious holidays, and important national occasions. Whether they are religious holidays, weddings, harvest festivals, or national celebrations, these events are vital for maintaining cultural heritage, building community, and offering psychological and spiritual support. They are vital parts of … Read more

Culture and customs in rural Nepal: caste-based norms, value and belief systems

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Culture and customs in rural Nepal caste-based norms, value and belief systems

Culture and customs in rural Nepal play a pivotal role in shaping the social structure and development path of these communities, profoundly influenced by the integration of caste-based norms, values, and belief systems. Social relations, matrimony, and resource allocation are governed by caste hierarchies, which mold human possibilities and limitations. The implementation, distribution of resources, … Read more