Sareena Basnet
Insects, members of the class Insecta, are the most diverse collection of organisms on Earth, playing important roles in ecosystems and human life. Entomology includes taxonomy, physiology, ecology, and applied applications such as agricultural and medical entomology. They play an important role in biodiversity and ecological balance by pollinating, decomposing, and providing natural pest management. … Read more
Oil seed crops, such as mustard, sesame, sunflower, and soybean, are critical to Nepal’s agriculture because of their edible oils and industrial use. These crops make a considerable contribution to household nutrition, rural income, and the agricultural business. They are primarily grown in rainfed locations and contribute significantly to crop diversification and sustainable farming methods. … Read more
Grain legumes, including lentils, chickpeas, soybeans, and pigeon peas, are important crops in Nepal, contributing to food security, soil health, and the economy. They are high in protein and serve an important role in the diets of the majority vegetarian population. Grain legumes, which are grown mostly in rainfed locations, boost soil fertility by fixing … Read more
Agricultural colleges and universities play an important role in agricultural development by providing teaching, research, and extension services. Their goals are centered on increasing knowledge, supporting sustainability, and encouraging innovation to address contemporary agricultural concerns such as food security, climate change mitigation, and rural development. These institutions make a substantial contribution to agricultural production, rural … Read more
The Land Grant System (LGS) of universities in the United States is a unique educational model designed to promote higher education, research, and public service, notably in agriculture, science, and engineering. The Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 established the system by providing states with federal land to fund the building of universities. These institutions, … Read more
Sharing, linking, and cooperation are important processes in agricultural extension system that improve the efficiency and efficacy of service delivery to farmers. These principles are critical for facilitating the transfer of knowledge, technology, and resources between sectors and stakeholders. Sharing aids in the distribution of information and technology, linkage promotes coordinated support among multiple groups, … Read more
Social deviance refers to activities that go against societal norms and expectations, ranging from small rule violations to more significant criminal acts. Social control refers to the official and informal processes used to govern conduct and maintain order. Deviance can be classified as primary, secondary, or positive, and control can be official or informal. Theories … Read more
Major institutions providing extension and advisory services in the country include government agencies, agricultural research institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), private sector firms, farmer-based organizations (FBOs), and international organizations.These institutions collaborate to provide technical advice, training, and assistance to farmers, assisting them in adopting better agricultural methods, gaining market access, and increasing productivity. Together, they serve … Read more
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) in agricultural development programs includes a variety of tools, strategies, and approaches for determining program success and impact. Methods include both quantitative instruments like surveys and qualitative approaches like interviews. Baseline surveys, performance monitoring, and participatory evaluations are examples of techniques used to track development on an ongoing basis. The Logical … Read more
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are critical activities in extension program for tracking progress and determining impact. Monitoring is the continual gathering of data during program implementation to ensure that activities are on track, whereas evaluation examines the program’s effectiveness and outcomes after implementation. M&E work together to give insights for improving program effectiveness, assuring accountability, … Read more